Effect of Magnetic Field on Heat Transfer of Nanofluid with Variable Properties on the Inclined Enclosure

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of magnetic field on the fluid flow and natural convection of CuO-water nanofluids with variable properties in an inclined square enclosure. The horizontal walls of cavity are insulated, the left sidewall assumed as hot wall and the right sidewall assumed as cold wall. Effects of Rayleigh numbers 103, 104, 105 and 106, Hartmann numbers 0, 10, 50, with horizontal angles of cavity, ,  and , and solid volume fraction of nanoparticles 0%, 2% and 4% are explored. Governing equations were solved numerically using finite volume and the SIMPLER algorithm. The result show that with applying magnetic field and increasing it, the velocity of nanofluids and thus the power of fluid decreases and behavior of nanofluids is more close to thermal conductivity than natural convection. At all ranges of studied Rayleigh numbers and volume fractions, with increasing the Hartmann number, the average Nusselt number decreases. Also with increasing cavity angle with the horizontal axis, the values of Nusselt number on the all ranges of Rayleigh numbers decreases.